புறநானூறு முன்வைக்கும் நிலையாமை தத்துவமும் அதனால் தனிமணித – சமுதாய சூழலில் ஏற்பட்ட தாக்கமும்: Life’s Ephemeral Nature and Its Impact On Individuals and Society A Behavioral Psychology Perspective in Purananooru

Abstract

While modern behavioral psychology was formalized by Western thinkers starting in the 18th century, its core concepts were already deeply integrated into the daily life of ancient Tamil society. This early psychological understanding is evidenced by Sangam-era literature, specifically Purananooru (dating between 200 BC and 200 AD), which alongside foundational works like Tolkappiyam, documents a highly evolved civilization contemporaneous with the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty. Rather than just serving as historical artifacts, these literary texts reveal a sophisticated society built on strict ethics, robust educational systems, and self-governing human values. By anchoring their societal harmony in practical virtues—most notably the profound acceptance of life's impermanence—the ancient Tamils demonstrated an advanced application of behavioral concepts centuries before they were formally theorized in the West.

Keywords

• Fear
• Anxiety
• Impermanance
• Humility
• Let-Go
• Gratitude
• Mindfulness