செம்மொழியில் தமிழ்ச்சித்தரியலும் இயற்கைக் கோட்பாடுகளும்: ஓர் விரிவான அறிவியல் மற்றும் மெய்யியல் வரலாற்று ஆய்வு

Tamil Siddha Science and Natural Principles in Classical Literature: A Comprehensive Scientific and Philosophical Historical Study

Abstract

Classical Tamil literature and Siddha texts serve as repositories of knowledge, seamlessly integrating nature, human physiology, traditional medicine, and philosophical thought. This research paper aims to examine in detail the natural lifestyle principles and Siddha philosophies reflected in Tolkappiyam, Ettuthokai, Pattupattu, Pathinenkilkanakku ethical works, Thirumandhiram, and the writings of revered Siddhars. This paper establishes the scientific framework through which ancient Tamils, regarding nature as an integral foundation of life, maintained bodily equilibrium based on the Five Elements theory (Pancha Bhuta) and the Three Doshas theory (Vata, Pitta, Kapha). The ancient medical knowledge of the Tamils is demonstrated by battlefield surgical care, cotton wound dressings, the use of suture needles during the Sangam era, and the prescribed dietary regimens in Natrinai. Furthermore, the diagnostic methods highlighted by Thiruvalluvar, the Yoga-Kayakalpa concepts of Thirumoolar, and the alchemical, herbal, and subtle scientific techniques of Siddhars—including Agathiyar, Bogar, Yugi Muni, and Gorakkar—are detailed extensively. Drawing upon the perspectives of Western scholars such as Sir John Evans and Scott Elliot, the antiquity of human origins in the South Indian region is also examined. Ultimately, Classical Tamil literature and Siddha medicine serve as timeless foundational resources offering guidance for modern global pursuits in environmental protection, sustainable development, and holistic health..