திருமுறைகளில் வாழ்வியல் அறங்கள்

Life Ethics in the Tirumurai

Abstract

Sangam literature reveals the thought processes, associated norms, practiced ethics, and beliefs that emerged in the lives of ancient Tamils. Establishing the path of life in a righteous manner constitutes the "Way of Life." The term Neri (Path) signifies a 'way' or 'method.' In the lives of ancient people, specific norms existed for various life components such as literature, politics, art, friendship, love, valor, and relationships. In the Tamil way of life, one can observe the progression of Aram (Virtue), seeking Porul (Wealth) through virtue, attaining Inbam (Pleasure) through wealth, and ultimately reaching Veeduperu (Liberation) through these three. Universal values such as honesty, truth, love, patience, and discipline are considered the exalted ethics of life.

While literature is an art form connected to emotions, it can also be regarded as a historical document that records the thoughts and practices of the people of that time. Not only in Sangam literature but also in Bhakti literature, various cultural and ethical elements have been adapted to suit social living. These serve as pillars for the character development of every individual. Changes occur in the heart and actions of every individual according to time and circumstance, forming the destiny of human life. To ensure society achieves happiness and peace, and to ensure individual lives attain self-sufficiency, duties and ethics serve as the guiding channels. This is precisely what the Tirumurai, epics, and kavyas proclaim.

Bhakti literatures serve as tools that lead people toward a noble path through the ages. The "Life Ethics" are those principles categorized and compiled by man himself to live as a true human being—to live prosperously within this world. This chapter aims to explain such life ethics through the perspective of the Tirumurai.