Tirukkural and Environmental Ethics

Abstract

Tirukkural was written around 2000 years ago which is a timeless work by Thiruvalluvar, the work transcends the boundary of caste, class, religion and culture. It is relevant to people of all culture and ethnicity. He uses to live with nature. Although it does not explicitly address contemporary environmental issues such as climate change or pollution, its core teachings provide a strong philosophical foundation for environmental ethics. Drawing on the theoretical framework of eco criticism it will examine the relationship between literature and the environment, it will reinterpret and connect Tirukkural with modern day ecological consciousness. The text focuses on virtues such as self-control, compassion, moderation, and responsibility which are essential for maintaining harmony between humans and nature. In the context of growing ecological crises driven by human greed, overconsumption, and exploitation of natural resources, the Tirukkural gains renewed relevance. It advocates a balanced way of life, discouraging excessive desire and promoting respect for all forms of life. These ethical guidelines indirectly support sustainable practices and environmental conservation. This paper examines how the moral framework presented in the Tirukkural aligns with modern environmental ethics. It explores the text’s implicit ecological consciousness and its potential to guide contemporary society toward sustainable living. By reinterpreting its teachings in the present context, the study highlights the enduring significance of the Tirukkural as a source of ethical guidance for addressing environmental challenges and fostering a more harmonious relationship between humanity and nature.