நானும் நீயும் புலம்பெயர்ந்து வந்தவர்கள்!

The Migrant Journey: You and I are the ones who migrated

Abstract

Given that human species emerged through the process of evolution approximately more than 2.5 million years ago, various theories generally persist regarding the origin of humankind.

Anthropologists and archaeologists state that the first human species originated in East Africa and subsequently spread throughout the world. Alternative theories suggest that human species may have originated and spread globally from regions like the Mediterranean, Asia, Europe, and China. Furthermore, theories also persist among us that the first human being may have originated in the lost continent of Kumari Kandam (Lemuria).

However, based on the human fossil remains found globally to date—including the remnants of species such as Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, and Homo sapiens, and the DNA molecules extracted from them—researchers analyze how these findings align with all present-day ethnic groups, including the Chakkiliyar community.

The Chakkiliyar are identified as one of the most ancient indigenous communities, having lived approximately between 20,000 and 15,000 years ago. Furthermore, in India, the Chakkiliyar community is often referred to as Proto-Australoid, considered to be descended from ancient African and Australian lineages.

The mtDNA haplogroups, or the specific branches of human ancestry, designated M¹ and M² are the genetic markers of those populations who migrated to South India. In this context, the ancestors of the Chakkiliyar are the direct descendants of Africa's ancient indigenous populations.