நற்றிணைப் பாடல்களில் உள்ளுறை உவமக் கட்டமைப்புகள்: ஒரு விரிவான பகுப்பாய்வு

Categorical Analysis of Implied Metaphors in Narrinai: An In-depth Research

Abstract

The excellence, utility, and evolution of a language are deeply interconnected with the activities of the society that speaks it. In the history of the world, numerous languages have perished or been eroded by the turning wheels of time. In such a context, Tamil stands as an unparalleled classical language that has survived for thousands of years. The grammatical treatise Tolkappiyam and ancient Sangam literature serve as the jewels that polish this unique language. In Narrinai, one of the Sangam anthologies, human internal emotions (Akam) are depicted as being inextricably linked with nature. Specifically, the technique of 'Ullurai Uvamam' (Implicit Metaphor)—where the thoughts and feelings of the characters are not stated directly but are conveyed through the hidden meanings within natural descriptions—is sublime. This study examines the five types of Ullurai Uvamam as defined by Tolkappiyar, applying them to the poems of Narrinai to explore their literary beauty and social impact in detail. Using Tolkappiyam and Narrinai as primary sources and supported by secondary texts, the objective of this article is to explain the typological perspective of implicit metaphors.