சங்க காலத்தில் உலோகவியல் தொழில்நுட்பம்

Metallurgical Technology in the Sangam Age

Abstract

This article explores the advanced metallurgical knowledge and technological prowess of the ancient Tamils during the Sangam period. By synthesizing evidence from classical Sangam literature—such as Tolkappiyam, Purananuru, and Akananuru—with modern archaeological findings from sites like Adichanallur, Kodumanal, and Mayiladumparai, the study demonstrates that Tamils were pioneers in metalworking. The research details the extraction and processing of various metals including gold, silver, copper, and iron, highlighting the sophisticated techniques used to create tools, weapons, and intricate jewelry. Notably, the article cites archaeological evidence dating iron usage in Tamil Nadu back to 3345 BCE, suggesting that the Tamils were among the first in the world to enter the Iron Age and master the production of high-quality steel and specialized "Beta Bronze".